Mark Scheme

L1:

The answer is based on either own knowledge or sources. It is likely to be generalised, descriptive and/or assertive, and with little focus on the question. [1–6 marks]

L2:

The answer may be based on relevant selection of material either from the sources or from own knowledge, or they may be combined. The answer might be mainly descriptive about the defeat of the South and the American withdrawal, with limited links to Thieu; or the answer may be explicit about the question but containing limited support. [7–11 marks]

L3:

The answer shows developed understanding of the issue of how Thieu’s leadership impacted upon American policy and the military defeat, using material both from the sources and from own knowledge. The answer is likely to lack depth or balance in assessing the importance of Thieu or other factors, but will be a relevant response, and there will be some understanding of interpretations. [12–16 marks]

L4:

The answer shows explicit understanding of the demands of the question and provides a balanced explanation of Thieu’s role, backed up by appropriate evidence from the sources and own knowledge. There will be a good understanding of interpretations, for example of how important the changing political situation in the US was in relation to other factors such as the poor leadership of the ARVN. The answer may focus mostly on Thieu, or it may balance his role against other relevant factors. [17–21 marks]

L5:

The answer is well focused and closely argued – supported by precise use of evidence from the sources and own knowledge. There will be a well-developed understanding of interpretations leading to a good understanding, with judgement, of the impact of Thieu’s leadership on the military, political and diplomatic failure to defend South Vietnam. As with Level 4, the answer may focus primarily on Thieu, or may balance him against other relevant factors. [22–24 marks]