Level 1   1–2 marks

The answer essentially paraphrases or describes the sources with no development.

Level 2   3–6 marks

The answer identifies some differences and/or similarities between the sources. There may be some limited own knowledge to explain why Stalin’s attitudes towards collectivisation were what they were.

Level 3   7–9 marks

The answer identifies both differences and similarities between the sources, and uses own knowledge about Stalin’s attitudes and the events of collectivisation to explain and evaluate the sources. For example, there is evidence in Source B that Stalin has modified his views on collectivisation, but there are also areas of agreement between the sources.

Level 4   10–12 marks

The comparison between sources is well developed. Own knowledge is used effectively to demonstrate good contextual understanding. In this instance there will be a well-sustained examination of how Stalin’s attitudes towards collectivisation remained consistent over time, although there was a temporary modification of attitude during the process for essentially tactical reasons only.